Maryland Cosmetology State Practice Exam

Define the term 'pH' in relation to hair products.

1. A measure of acidity or alkalinity

2. A grade for product effectiveness

3. A scale for hair damage

4. A regulation standard for safety

The correct answer is: A measure of acidity or alkalinity

The term 'pH' refers to a measure of acidity or alkalinity on a scale ranging from 0 to 14, with values below 7 being acidic, 7 being neutral, and above 7 being alkaline. In relation to hair products, understanding pH is crucial because it influences the condition of the hair and scalp. For instance, hair and skin have a natural pH level that is slightly acidic, usually around 4.5 to 5.5. Products that are pH-balanced (close to this level) can maintain the natural moisture and strength of hair, while highly alkaline products can lead to cuticle damage and overall hair health deterioration. Thus, when selecting hair products, it's important to consider the pH levels to ensure they are appropriate for the hair type and desired outcome.